Periodontology

If you have ever felt discomfort in your mouth, such as a painful sensation in the gums accompanied by swelling and bleeding, it is probably a periodontal problem that is affecting your oral health. This type of disease can affect normal life, since when chewing food or brushing your teeth, the discomfort increases, conditioning certain routine daily actions.

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What is Periodontology?

Periodontology is the specialty of Dental Medicine that studies the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases or lesions that affect the supporting tissues of the teeth.

The main periodontal diseases are gingivitis and periodontitis. Both can influence and/or be influenced by other systemic diseases such as diabetes and bacterial endocarditis.

The main symptoms are general bleeding gums, bad breath and in an advanced stage, tooth loss.

What is Periodontitis?

Periodontitis is characterised by a serious infection of the tissues that support the teeth, produced by bacteria that can cause migration of the gums, loss of periodontal ligament and destruction of the alveolar bone.

The bacteria that are at the origin of this pathology lodge in the space between the tooth and the gum, causing an inflammatory process that gives rise to periodontal pockets.

Periodontitis is a common disease, but it can be prevented, since in most situations it is caused by poor oral hygiene.

To prevent periodontitis, it is advisable to follow a daily hygiene routine; brushing your teeth at least twice a day, flossing and regular visits to the dental clinic will greatly reduce the chances of suffering from periodontitis.

Other risk factors that increase the risk of suffering from periodontitis are smoking, taking some medicines systemically, bad dental positions, some habits such as bruxism and genetics.

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What is gingivitis?

Gingivitis is a mild inflammation of the gums caused by the accumulation of bacterial plaque. This periodontal disease is very common and usually causes irritation, swelling and redness of the gums around the teeth.

Gingivitis should be treated immediately as it is a reversible disease that does not compromise bone tissue, and with proper treatment, the person’s oral health can be restored.

If gingivitis is not treated properly, it can lead to more severe periodontitis, even leading to tooth loss.

How are periodontology diseases treated?

To treat periodontal diseases, generally the specialist professional performs an assessment of the supporting tissues, a diagnosis and then planning the appropriate treatment for the pathology diagnosed. The treatment consists of a deep cleaning to remove plaque and tartar. The aim of this procedure is to try and reduce inflammation by eliminating the bacterial deposits accumulated in the gums and periodontal pockets of the teeth.

What are the benefits of Periodontology?

Recover the good health of the gums;
Eliminate bacterial plaque, the main cause of the appearance of periodontal diseases;
Carry out a complete and thorough dental cleaning that serves to prevent the appearance of future infections that can lead to periodontitis;
Avoid the destruction of bone tissue caused by periodontitis;
Eliminate bad breath.

To prevent the appearance of this type of pathology, it is advisable to maintain daily hygiene habits and visit a professional specialist every 6 months for a complete cleaning and an evaluation of the state of your teeth.

Periodontal or gum diseases are one of the main causes of tooth loss in adults. Regular visits to the dentist are essential to maintain healthy gums and for timely diagnosis and treatment when necessary.

The early stage of gum disease is called gingivitis. The later stages of periodontal diseases are more serious problems with symptoms such as: persistent bad taste, permanent teeth that are mobile or already almost coming out, changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite.

Inflammation and bleeding gums are a relatively common situation caused by bacteria. However, in chronic cases, the prolonged permanence of bacteria and gum inflammation causes the destruction of the bone itself.

As a result, the gums recede, exposing part of the root, making prompt treatment fundamental. In these cases, only specialist intervention can stop this process, in some cases resolving the “wobbling” of the tooth and preventing its loss.